计算机英语（第五版）（计算机系列教材）_刘兆毓、郑家农、闫金平、刘华群、武华_9787302475613

《计算机英语（第五版）（计算机系列教材）》计算机及相关专业的专业英语教材，是按计算机的知识结构层次编写的。内容涵盖以下三个部分：计算机及计算机网络硬件结构（第1章和第3章），计算机软件（第2章、第6章为系统软件，第7、8、9、10、11章为应用软件）和因特网应用（第4、5章）。在具体内容的选取上，除了基础知识以外，尽量吸取最先进的技术和知识，这其中包括云计算、大数据、3D打印技术、工业4.0和慕课等。鉴于因特网应用发展异常迅猛，本书有19课（约占全书59课的1∕3）涉及因特网应用。
为便于读者阅读，书中对一些较难理解和翻译的句子做了注释，对遇到的专业术语也都做了解释。
本书主要用作大学计算机及相关专业本科生、专科生的教材，也可供研究生及参加计算机水平考试的考生使用。

　　CHAPTER 5 NEW INTERNET APPLICATIONS
　　5.1 INSTANT MESSAGING (IM)
　　5.1.1 OVERVIEW OF INSTANT MESSAGING (IM)
　　Instant messaging (IM) is an extension of e-mail that allows two or more people to contact each other via direct, live communication. To use instant messaging, you specify a list of friends and register with an instant messaging server. Whenever you connect to the Internet, special software informs your messaging server that you are online. [1] In response, the server will notify you if any of your contacts are online. At the same time, it notifies your friends that you are online. You can then send messages directly back and forth to one another. Most instant messaging programs also include video conferencing features, file sharing, and remote assistance. Many businesses routinely use these instant messaging features.
　　Instant messaging is a popular variation of chat in which you are informed when someone on your buddy list—a list containing the names of friends and associates that you specify—are on line; when they are on line, you can send them a message that immediately appears on their screen (See Figure 5-1).[2] You can then have a real—time typed conversation.
　　Figure 5-1 Instant Messaging
　　As of 2010, social networking providers often offer IM abilities. Facebook Chat is a form of instant messaging, and Twitter can be thought of as a Web 2.0 instant messaging system[3]. Similar server-side chat features are part of most dating websites, such as OKCupid or Plenty of Fish[4]. The spread of smartphones and similar devices in the late 2000s also caused increased competition with conventional instant messaging, by making text messaging services still more ubiquitous.
　　Many instant messaging services offer video calling features, voice over IP and web conferencing services[5]. Web conferencing services can integrate both video calling and instant messaging abilities. Some instant messaging companies are also offering desktop sharing, IP radio, and IPTV to the voice and video features[6].
　　Each modern IM service generally provides its own client, either a separately installed piece of software, or a browser-based client. These usually only work with the supplier company’s service, although some allow limited function with other services. Third party client software applications exist, that will connect with most of the major IM services. Adium, Empathy, Miranda IM, Pidgin, Qnext and Trillian are a few of the common ones[7].
　　Standard complementary instant messaging applications offer functions like file transfer, contact list(s), the ability to hold several simultaneous conversations, etc. These may be all the functions that a small business needs, but larger organizations will require more sophisticated applications that can work together[8]. The solution to finding applications capable of this is to use enterprise versions of instant messaging applications. These include titles like XMPP, Lotus Sametime, Microsoft Office Communicator, etc., which are often integrated with other enterprise applications such as workflow systems[9]. These enterprise applications, or enterprise application integration (EAI), are built to certain constraints, namely storing data in a common format.
　　……

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